Undergraduate Training:  University of Dayton, Dayton, OH (BS - Pre-medical Studies, 1983)

Medical Training:  University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY (Doctor of Medicine, 1987)

Internship / Fellowship / Residency:
Internal Medicine, NC Baptist Hospital, Bowman Gray School of Medicine at Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 1990
Resident in Anesthesiology, NC Baptist Hospital, Bowman Gray School of Medicine of Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 1992
Chief Resident, NC Baptist Hospital, Bowman Gray School of Medicine of Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 1992
Fellowship in Critical Care Medicine, NC Baptist Hospital, Bowman Gray School of Medicine of Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 1993

Clinical Anesthesia:
Forsyth Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC
Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC

Board Certification:
American Board of Internal Medicine, 1990, 2000
American Board of Anesthesiology, 1994
American Board of Anesthesiology Critical Care Medicine, 1995
National Board of Echocardiography Perioperative Transesophageal Echocardiography, 2000

Professional Memberships:
American Society of Anesthesiologists
North Carolina Society of Anesthesiologists
North Carolina Medical Association
Forsyth / Stokes / Davie Medical Association