Undergraduate Training:  Lenoir Rhyne College, Hickory, NC (BS Biology, 1968)

Medical Training:  Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (Doctor of Medicine, 1972)

Internship / Fellowship / Residency:
Internship - Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 1980
Chief Resident in Anesthesia - Cardiac Anesthesia, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 1980
Fellowship - Neuro Anesthesia, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 1980

Clinical Anesthesia:
Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
Forsyth Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC
Hawthorne Surgical Center, Winston-Salem, NC
Piedmont Stone Center, Winston-Salem, NC

Board Certification:
Diplomate, American Board of Anesthesiology, 1981

Professional Memberships:
American Society of Anesthesiologists
North Carolina Medical Society
North Carolina Society of Anesthesiologists
Society of Cardiac Anesthesiologists