Undergraduate Training:  University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (BS - 1975)

Medical Training:
Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (Doctor of Medicine - 1980)

Internship / Fellowship / Residency:
Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 1986
M. I. Bassett Hospital, Cooperstown, NY, 1981

Clinical Anesthesia:
Forsyth Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC
Medical Park Hospital, Winston-Salem, NC

Board Certification:
American Board of Anesthesiology - 1988
North Carolina Board of Medical Examiners - 1983

Professional Memberships:
American Society of Anesthesiologists
North Carolina Medical Society
Forsyth / Stokes / Davie Medical Society
North Carolina Society of Anesthesiologists
International Anesthesia Research Society